How does solar energy work?

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How does a solar system produce electricity?

Solar panels work by absorbing sunlight with photovoltaic cells, generating direct current energy (DC) and then converting it to usable alternating current (AC) energy with the help of inverter technology. AC energy then flows through the home’s distribution panel to appliances such as stove, heat pump, lamps, and anything else needing energy in your house. Here are the main steps for how solar panels work for your home:

  • 1.
    Photovoltaic cells absorb the sun’s energy and convert it to DC electricity
  • 2.
    The solar inverter converts DC electricity from your solar modules to AC electricity, which is used by most home appliances
  • 3.
    Electricity flows through your home, powering electronic devices
  • 4.
    Excess electricity produced by solar panels is fed to the electric grid
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The grid and feed in tariffs

A common question is how your grid connection is affected by the installation of a solar system. Any home that is connected to the electrical grid will have something called a utility meter that your energy provider uses to measure and supply power to your home. When you install solar panels on your roof or on a ground mount on your property, they are connected to your home’s utility meter. It is important to know that you will always have access to grid power in case you need more power than your solar system produces. The switch between grid and solar energy happens automatically.

All homeowners in Switzerland have the possibility of feeding back surplus solar power into the grid when the solar system is overproducing (like during the day in sunny summer months) in exchange for a reimbursement from the local utility company. The amount you will get back depends on the utility company. As a general rule, though, you are payed more or less what it costs to produce the solar power in the case of smaller systems. For medium sized and larger systems, the production costs are usually so low that you make a profit on the fed back solar power.

The main components of a solar system

The components in your solar system works with one another to optimize the usage of solar power. That is, you don't have to switch on or off your solar system in the morning and at night - the system will do this automatically and seamlessly.

You also don't need to switch between solar and grid power - this is also done automatically by your solar system, which is programmed to make sure that if your household needs electricity and the sun is shining, solar power is automatically being consumed before the grid power.

Solar Panel
Solar panels are made up of silicon cells that absorb the sun's rays and turns them into electricity (DC). It then sends the electricity to the inverter.
Inverter
The inverter converts DC electricity from the solar system to AC electricity for your home. It also allows you to monitor the production and self consumption through a mobile app.
Battery (optional)
With a solar battery you can store the solar power that you cannot use in your home during the day. When the sun goes down your household and heat pump and can use the solar power from the battery.
Distribution box
The distribution box allows electricity from both the grid and your solar system to be distributed to all your electrical appliances. If you have a heat pump or boiler connected to the solar system, it will also be fed electricity through the distribution box.
Utility Meter
All households with a solar system are required to have a bi-directional utility meter. This is provided by the utility company and is included in all I.ON solar systems. The meter keeps track of how much grid electricity you use, but also how much solar power that is fed back into the grid.
Grid
Although you have a solar solar system installed on your roof, you are still connected to the electricity grid, just as before. This way you always have enough electricity when the solar system is not producing enough to provide your hose with solar power.
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Developer at Elastic Themes
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Heat pump, boiler, car charger and more

If you want to get even more out of your solar system you can connect additional components that will use the solar power from your roof. This significantly increases your self consumption of solar energy and makes you even less dependent on your utility company.

Some of the most popular devices in your home to connect to the solar systems are heat pumps, and/or hot water boiler. For customer who are planning or already own an e-car, a solar connected charging station will charge your car with the purest energy there is. All these devices get even more out of your solar system when combined with a solar battery. For more information of all the option you have, set up a free appointment with one of our solar experts.

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Frequently Asked Questions about Solar Systems

Here you will find some of the most commonly asked questions about our integrated solar systems. If you have more questions the button below will take you to our extended sections of questions and answers.

What are the financial benefits of solar energy?

When you install a solar energy system on your property, you save money on your electricity bills and protect yourself against rising electricity rates in the future. How much you can save depends on the utility rates, subsidies and feed in tariffs in your area, but also on if you can combine your solar system with other appliances such as a heat pump or a heat pump boiler.

Can I go off grid with solar panels?

When you install solar panels on your property, you will still be connected to the grid. This allows you to draw from the grid when your system is not producing all of the power that you need, and send power back to the grid when you produce more than you use. It is possible to off grid with a solar energy system that includes battery storage. Read more about your options here.

Will I still receive an electric bill if I have solar panels?

Unless your solar energy system includes battery storage and you are fully off the grid, you will still receive a bill from your utility. However, you can dramatically reduce your bill or even cut the amount you owe to 0 CHF, with a solar panel system that matches your energy use.

How much will solar panel maintenance cost?

Solar panel systems are made of durable tempered glass and require for the 25 to 35 years that they will generate power. In most cases, you don’t even need to clean your solar panels regularly. If something does happen, you are protected by I.ON's installation warranty for the first 5 years. After that you can purchase an additional care package for full service.

Do solar panels work in a blackout?

If your solar panel system is connected to the grid, it will shut off in the event of a blackout. This is to prevent emergency responders and electricity utility repair-people from being injured by your panels sending power back to the grid. However, there are certain inverters you can buy that provide backup power in a blackout when paired with a battery.